Ungulate herbivory alters leaf functional traits and recruitment of regenerating aspen.
Identifieur interne : 001135 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001134; suivant : 001136Ungulate herbivory alters leaf functional traits and recruitment of regenerating aspen.
Auteurs : Aaron C. Rhodes [États-Unis] ; Val Anderson [États-Unis] ; Samuel B. St Clair [États-Unis]Source :
- Tree physiology [ 1758-4469 ] ; 2017.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- MESH :
- physiologie : Feuilles de plante, Populus.
- Animaux, Arbres, Bovins, Cervidae, Herbivorie, Incendies, Utah.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- MESH :
Abstract
Herbivory by ungulates can affect forest regeneration success, but its long-term impacts on tree function and recruitment are less studied. We evaluated strategies of resistance, tolerance and vertical escape against ungulate herbivory by evaluating leaf traits (photosynthesis, morphology and chemistry) and growth rates of aspen in the presence and absence of ungulate herbivores 1, 2, 3 and 26 years after fires initiated aspen suckering. Over the initial 3-year period, ~60% of aspen stems in unfenced plots showed evidence of being browsed by ungulates. After 3 years, aspen in unfenced plots had smaller leaves, were 50% shorter, and had 33% lower nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and 33% greater concentrations of condensed tannins, when compared with fenced aspen. Aspen exposed to ungulate herbivory over a 26-year period maintained smaller leaves, had lower annual radial growth rates and were still below the critical height threshold of 2 m required to escape ungulate herbivory for successful recruitment. In contrast, the average height of aspen protected from ungulates was approaching 6 m. Over the 26-year period leaves in unfenced plots had 41% lower nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and greater expression of defense compounds-condensed tannins (63%) and phenolic glycosides (102%)-than leaves in fenced plots. Photosynthetic rates were slightly higher in aspen that experienced ungulate browsing, suggesting that changes in leaf anatomy and chemistry due to ungulate herbivory did not interfere with photosynthesis. Our data suggest that ungulate browsing increases investment in chemical defense, lowers nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and reduces leaf area, which decreases the recruitment potential of regenerating aspen.
DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx015
PubMed: 28338915
Affiliations:
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St Clair</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Utah</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Tree physiology</title><idno type="eISSN">1758-4469</idno><imprint><date when="2017" type="published">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals (MeSH)</term><term>Cattle (MeSH)</term><term>Deer (MeSH)</term><term>Fires (MeSH)</term><term>Herbivory (MeSH)</term><term>Plant Leaves (physiology)</term><term>Populus (physiology)</term><term>Trees (MeSH)</term><term>Utah (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux (MeSH)</term><term>Arbres (MeSH)</term><term>Bovins (MeSH)</term><term>Cervidae (MeSH)</term><term>Feuilles de plante (physiologie)</term><term>Herbivorie (MeSH)</term><term>Incendies (MeSH)</term><term>Populus (physiologie)</term><term>Utah (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Feuilles de plante</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Plant Leaves</term><term>Populus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Cattle</term><term>Deer</term><term>Fires</term><term>Herbivory</term><term>Trees</term><term>Utah</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Arbres</term><term>Bovins</term><term>Cervidae</term><term>Herbivorie</term><term>Incendies</term><term>Utah</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Herbivory by ungulates can affect forest regeneration success, but its long-term impacts on tree function and recruitment are less studied. We evaluated strategies of resistance, tolerance and vertical escape against ungulate herbivory by evaluating leaf traits (photosynthesis, morphology and chemistry) and growth rates of aspen in the presence and absence of ungulate herbivores 1, 2, 3 and 26 years after fires initiated aspen suckering. Over the initial 3-year period, ~60% of aspen stems in unfenced plots showed evidence of being browsed by ungulates. After 3 years, aspen in unfenced plots had smaller leaves, were 50% shorter, and had 33% lower nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and 33% greater concentrations of condensed tannins, when compared with fenced aspen. Aspen exposed to ungulate herbivory over a 26-year period maintained smaller leaves, had lower annual radial growth rates and were still below the critical height threshold of 2 m required to escape ungulate herbivory for successful recruitment. In contrast, the average height of aspen protected from ungulates was approaching 6 m. Over the 26-year period leaves in unfenced plots had 41% lower nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and greater expression of defense compounds-condensed tannins (63%) and phenolic glycosides (102%)-than leaves in fenced plots. Photosynthetic rates were slightly higher in aspen that experienced ungulate browsing, suggesting that changes in leaf anatomy and chemistry due to ungulate herbivory did not interfere with photosynthesis. Our data suggest that ungulate browsing increases investment in chemical defense, lowers nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and reduces leaf area, which decreases the recruitment potential of regenerating aspen.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" IndexingMethod="Curated" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">28338915</PMID><DateCompleted><Year>2018</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>11</Day></DateCompleted><DateRevised><Year>2018</Year><Month>12</Month><Day>02</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Print"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1758-4469</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>37</Volume><Issue>3</Issue><PubDate><Year>2017</Year><Month>03</Month><Day>01</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Tree physiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Tree Physiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Ungulate herbivory alters leaf functional traits and recruitment of regenerating aspen.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>402-413</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1093/treephys/tpx015</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Herbivory by ungulates can affect forest regeneration success, but its long-term impacts on tree function and recruitment are less studied. We evaluated strategies of resistance, tolerance and vertical escape against ungulate herbivory by evaluating leaf traits (photosynthesis, morphology and chemistry) and growth rates of aspen in the presence and absence of ungulate herbivores 1, 2, 3 and 26 years after fires initiated aspen suckering. Over the initial 3-year period, ~60% of aspen stems in unfenced plots showed evidence of being browsed by ungulates. After 3 years, aspen in unfenced plots had smaller leaves, were 50% shorter, and had 33% lower nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and 33% greater concentrations of condensed tannins, when compared with fenced aspen. Aspen exposed to ungulate herbivory over a 26-year period maintained smaller leaves, had lower annual radial growth rates and were still below the critical height threshold of 2 m required to escape ungulate herbivory for successful recruitment. In contrast, the average height of aspen protected from ungulates was approaching 6 m. Over the 26-year period leaves in unfenced plots had 41% lower nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and greater expression of defense compounds-condensed tannins (63%) and phenolic glycosides (102%)-than leaves in fenced plots. Photosynthetic rates were slightly higher in aspen that experienced ungulate browsing, suggesting that changes in leaf anatomy and chemistry due to ungulate herbivory did not interfere with photosynthesis. Our data suggest that ungulate browsing increases investment in chemical defense, lowers nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations and reduces leaf area, which decreases the recruitment potential of regenerating aspen.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>© The Author 2017. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Rhodes</LastName><ForeName>Aaron C</ForeName><Initials>AC</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Anderson</LastName><ForeName>Val</ForeName><Initials>V</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>St Clair</LastName><ForeName>Samuel B</ForeName><Initials>SB</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Canada</Country><MedlineTA>Tree Physiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>100955338</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>0829-318X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset><MeshHeadingList><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D000818" MajorTopicYN="N">Animals</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D002417" MajorTopicYN="N">Cattle</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D003670" MajorTopicYN="N">Deer</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D005390" MajorTopicYN="N">Fires</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D060434" MajorTopicYN="Y">Herbivory</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D018515" MajorTopicYN="N">Plant Leaves</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D032107" MajorTopicYN="N">Populus</DescriptorName><QualifierName UI="Q000502" MajorTopicYN="Y">physiology</QualifierName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014197" MajorTopicYN="N">Trees</DescriptorName></MeshHeading><MeshHeading><DescriptorName UI="D014589" MajorTopicYN="N">Utah</DescriptorName></MeshHeading></MeshHeadingList><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">disturbance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">elk</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">plant defense</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">plant–herbivore interactions</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">recruitment</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">resistance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="Y">tolerance</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2016</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>21</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2017</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>24</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2017</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2018</Year><Month>1</Month><Day>13</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2017</Year><Month>3</Month><Day>25</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>ppublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">28338915</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pii">3061233</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1093/treephys/tpx015</ArticleId></ArticleIdList></PubmedData></pubmed><affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Utah</li></region></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Utah"><name sortKey="Rhodes, Aaron C" sort="Rhodes, Aaron C" uniqKey="Rhodes A" first="Aaron C" last="Rhodes">Aaron C. Rhodes</name></region><name sortKey="Anderson, Val" sort="Anderson, Val" uniqKey="Anderson V" first="Val" last="Anderson">Val Anderson</name><name sortKey="St Clair, Samuel B" sort="St Clair, Samuel B" uniqKey="St Clair S" first="Samuel B" last="St Clair">Samuel B. St Clair</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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